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加密冬季会走上互联网胸像吗?SDF的首席执行官解释

Stellar Development Foundation的Denelle Dixon说,了解互联网胸围的相似性和差异对于确保我们从加密货币冬季出现更加强大至关重要。

加密冬季会走上互联网胸像吗?SDF的首席执行官解释
[照片:Juliannafunk/Getty Images;肯查纳拉(Kanchanara)/Unsplash]

在过去六周中,加密熊市市场的发作,备受瞩目的项目的衰落导致一些估计2万亿美元的加密货币损失引起了有关加密未来的很多辩论。当今的区块链行业与2000年的Dotcom Bubble进行了比较。

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Having worked through the evolutions of Web 1.0, 2.0, and now 3.0, let me answer the question: Is this crypto’s moment of implosion? No.

当然,有余地可以争论相似之处:利率上升,一个挑战的监管环境,以保持创新的步伐,昂贵的营销策略以增长用户群以及非常热情的风险投资。还有一些重要的差异:依赖杠杆作用以及缺乏或有限的消费者教育。

Understanding the similarities and the differences is critical to making sure that we emerge from crypto winter even stronger. What can the past and present tell us about how we deliver this transformational technology to the masses so it lives up to its origin story as an equalizer to financial access? Here’s my take.

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互联网泡沫告诉我们什么

2000年3月,我是一家代表Dotcom领域最新,最具创新性的技术公司的律师事务所的合伙人。当时,互联网上的商机尚未了解。调节是奥术。我们正在根据如何根据与数字世界无关的法规进行界限。

What were the monetization opportunities for “internet companies?” Where did privacy factor in? What did terms of service look like, and how did you actually get users to agree to them?

我们在灰色中运作,没有一定的石头,并受到了巨大(和激励)定义和为未来制定标准的重要机会的挑战。监管环境正在努力赶上技术 - 这是一个机会,再加上法规将是反动性或基于对技术堆栈有限的理解的风险。(听起来很熟悉,加密本地人?)

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一切都感觉像是改变消费者生活的潜力。回想起来,其中有些是由于营销炒作(我将接下来要谈到),但是在互联网上启动的网站和公司的惊人爆炸是真实的。在1999年至2000年之间,数量仅网站就会增长从3,177,453到17,087,182。仅仅一年就可以是528%!

你还记得pets.com吗?我愿意。这是一家经常用来展示1998年Dotcom日期的公司。借助两轮资金,Pets.com净额超过1.1亿美元。By 1999 and into 2000, it was burning through its funding with huge marketing campaigns—a spot in the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade, an ad in the Super Bowl, TV appearances on national networks—paired with a business model that cost too much to bring in new customers and to deliver products nationwide. The company went public in February 2000, and by November it was没钱了

有一些最常用的因素来解释互联网胸像。其中之一是,公司正在建立基于诸如大型营销和销售产品的客户增长策略,以最大程度地提高市场份额。IPOCRAPE公司和投资者的另一个导致估值和盈利能力之间的鸿沟。

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Just consider that 199 internet stocks (totaling $450 billion in market cap) were representative of companies whose total annual sales combined hit $21 billion, and losses totaled $6.2 billion. And more macro economic shifts, like low interest rates in 1998, created an environment ripe for entrepreneurs who then saw interest rates get筹集了三遍在1999年。

In hindsight, it’s not surprising the bubble burst. Frankly, even at the time it wasn’t a huge shock to those of us paying attention, seeing unsustainable prices and valuations collide with reality. At the same time that institutional investors started cashing out, individual investors were buying into dotcom companies—and sadly, were left holding the bag, with 70% of 401(k)s losing at least one-fifth of their value. Big investment dried up and unprofitable companies found themselves without a runway and without a sustainable customer base.

Shortly after the bubble burst, regulation tightened and technology started to consolidate around a few big players with the resources to outlast the brutal bear market that ensued. Unfortunately, these decisions ultimately created many of the problems we have on the web today.

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会重复同样的错误吗?

Some of this seems familiar when you think about what is happening today in crypto (I mean, did you see the Super Bowl ads this year?). In the last year, more than 1,200 crypto companies led funding rounds, accounting for a total of250亿美元的投资。在2021年上半年,添加了CoinMarketCap2,655个新的加密资产,将上市硬币总数达到10,810。

过去的12个月是关于如何赚取收益率,哪些智能合同,如何利用分散的自身组织(DAOS)以及您是否为您制作的不可感态令(NFT)的令人疯狂的头条新闻。梅西百货去年甚至为感恩节提供了一个。经济在嗡嗡作响,利率疯狂低,资本自由流动,估值很高。所有这些都在发生。。。直到不是。

与Dotcom Bubble爆发不同,获得资本不是今天加密货币的触发因素。实际上,资本很丰富。在2022年第一季度,总投资有92亿美元上一张唱片的新高set in the fourth quarter of 2021. And capital, while slowing down in the current economic climate, is still flowing: $4.219 billion in May, which is stillup 89%从去年5月开始。加密非常明显地营销:名人代言, crypto体育场andsponsorships, 主流广告

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所以呢贡献?是的,利率正在上升。是的,股票市场正处于压力下,并且加密货币之间的联系变得显而易见。是的,在某种程度上,一些加密货币企业还没有弄清楚真正的收入模型,但具有很高的估值并获得了大量资本。

但是我认为,加密货币经济不景气的主要因素是由不可持续的收益和补贴所驱动的。寻求优势来资本化回报,导致对廉价借贷的过度依赖。数字资产在借入资本上的支持,以推动这些令人难以置信的回报(转化为不可持续的)回报,也称为杠杆。

带terra。在跌倒之前,加密贷款平台Anchor提供了20%的收益率供用户贷款UST(20%?!)。不幸的是,人们仍然喜欢相信看起来太好了的事情。根据时间,Terra的团队知道这并没有加起来,因此不可能将此回报提供给所有人,而是将其视为营销支出是一种客户收购形式。(再次您好,Pets.com。)

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因此,当市场波动率打击(似乎起源于寻求卖空UST的投资者)时,Terra的补贴收益率就空心了。Terra过度杠杆化,无法处理银行奔跑。最终,个人投资者受到打击并损失了数百万。

Terra是第一个,但是一个月后来了CELESIUS。和故事相似。Celsius在沉积物上吹捧高收益的回报,达到17%。它的贷款在很大程度上是用比特币抵押的。因此,当比特币和加密货币市场开始下降时,Celsius客户急于退出,却发现他们不能。Celsius停止了戒断,因为它已经制定了围绕不可持续的,超大的回报和杠杆作用的策略。没有基本资产,就没有流动性向客户提供资金。

不幸的是,Terra和Celsius并不是唯一拥有摇摇欲坠的加密公司。随着加密冬季的继续,我们可能会看到更多的滚滚。

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所以发生了什么事?坦率地说,人们变得贪婪。或者,更加好的说,人们陷入了兴奋之中。而且,不幸的是,其中一些人负担不起。法规始终遵循消费者的伤害,这就是为什么我们需要确保作为一个行业,我们正在提供道路地图,指南和言语,以闪烁有关风险的明亮灯光。如果单独的投资者像互联网胸围一样持有袋子,我们会失去信任。当我们烧毁消费者信任时,我们会伤害行业。

This is not the end of crypto

Just to be very clear on this point, this is nowhere near the end of crypto. In fact, it is just the beginning. This is certainly going to be a tough time for the industry, but it is going to challenge us to mature, in the same way that the dotcom bubble changed the trajectory of internet companies.

The internet survived the bubble bursting in 2000. But it did force surviving and new companies to focus on real products with viable business models. If selling pet supplies that are delivered right to your door at unbelievable prices seems too good to be true, then guess what? It probably is. After the bubble, pets.com and others had no choice but to figure out what being a successful, sustainable internet company actually looked like.

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这就是我们需要反思的。对于我们所有人在区块链和加密货币中的所有人来说,这应该是一个令人沮丧的时刻,以证明我们可以带给主流的现实世界实践价值的挑战。为了使加密货币恢复其核心,这是使这项技术变革对企业和消费者的真正价值的真正价值,我们需要专注于互操作性,透明度,创新,可访问性,包容性和权力下放等事物。

我们需要避免当今加密货币面临的最大风险。那将是对消费者的风险,使他们处于一生储蓄在数小时内蒸发的位置,集中化的风险,并转向合并,以此作为超越当前市场环境的一种手段。在这里,我们冒着扼杀创新,竞争和指导业内许多人认为这项技术作为开放,可访问金融体系的手段的精神的风险。

这些是我们现在需要学习的教训,也是我们为加密未来设定课程所需的决定。

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Denelle Dixon is the CEO and executive director of the恒星发展基金会


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